I broke a couple of them off taking a part a flathead and I was really careful to try and work them out without breaking them. At work we used to weld a nut onto broken exhaust manifold studs and that would take them right out. The weld sticks to the steel stud and nut but not to the cast iron block. So, I tried that, and it worked on one but not the other. The first one the welded nut broke off so while it was still hot, I melted some wax around the threads. Then I welded large thick washer to the broken stud and then welded the nut to the washer and that worked on that one. Even once it started moving it was tough, I had to carefully move it back and forth until it was finally out. That was the easy one.
The other one would not come out with a welded nut, I must have broken off six welded nuts before I gave up on that. I put the head back on and with a drill bushing in the hole I drilled an 1/8-hole dead center. the bushing keeps the bit centered. Then I just kept drilling the broken stud's hole bigger until I figured I was just about to the threads, and it came right out. and left the threads perfect. The trick is to be very-very patient when you drill it. You only have one chance of getting the bit centered.
The tool that took out the other 46 studs is made by Snap-op. It has interchangeable thread sizes. You pick the one you need and screw it on the threads and then tightened it, as tight as you can get it, it clamps onto the threads. Then with a 1/2" drive impact set to its lowest level you let it lightly hammer on the threads until they break loose. An old-time flathead builder told me that was the hot setup so I bought one.