1935 rebuilt engine with 1936 iron cylinder heads came home from the rebuilders with washers on the studs . Isn't it only aluminum heads that should be held down with washers? If no washers is correct can they just be removed one at a time?
The theory that I am working on is shouldered washers used to keep the studs or bolts centered in the holes away from the sides so that electrolysis is negated. To do this involves a special bit that drills down the head and the shouldered washer sits into the cavity created by the bore. When the engine is assembled, special attention is applied to seal the bolt/stud into the block and anti-seize is applied to the shank. Makes sense to me.
Electrolysis is only negated if you have a true dielectric joint with the aluminum head electrically insulated from the block, stud and washer. Good Luck, Bob LThe theory that I am working on is shouldered washers used to keep the studs or bolts centered in the holes away from the sides so that electrolysis is negated. To do this involves a special bit that drills down the head and the shouldered washer sits into the cavity created by the bore. When the engine is assembled, special attention is applied to seal the bolt/stud into the block and anti-seize is applied to the shank. Makes sense to me.