Not necessarily ALWAYS. I have been able to "rotate" SOME engines by the belt, while others would not rotate so easily, depending on how "un-stuck" the particular engine is, and on how tightly the belt grips the crank pulley. DD
A lot of this may depend on how worn your engine is.
New engines with new compression tend to be harder to turn and start with a crank.
Older engines - like the original engine to my truck, could be turned with a crank held in two curled fingers (no thumb!) and would certainly start - but had no particular power and one of those "extended" crankcase breather thingies - and an accessory trail of blue vapor.