This is a "velocity" governor that only limits how fast the engine will rev (so the mailman won't blow the engine as he climbs that muddy hill in low). Engine speed is directly controlled by the foot or hand throttle.
The governor that is gear (or belt) driven is a load-sensitive unit. It maintains a set RPM regardless of load for industrial/agricultural use, where the RPM needs to remain constant, like welders, air compressors, combines, etc. Here engine speed is controlled by the governor; the hand or foot control is connected to the governor, not the carburetor, and the governor controls throttle opening. With no load on the engine the governor closes the throttle plate to maintain say, 2200 RPM. Under a load, the governor opens the throttle plate as needed to maintain the same 2200 RPM.