If the head is original to 38 and in good shape, the thread should be 5/8-18 straight thread to match the temperature probe nut thread. Sometimes the last few threads in the head prevent the nut from actually tightening down correctly. This can be cured by using a "No Bottom" tap and cleaning out the bottom threads. If the cast iron seat for the temperature bulb is cracked or rusted this could also allow coolant to seep past the seat. If there is no seat it may be possible someone enlarged the hole and may have made it 1/4-18 NPT tapered pipe thread in this case the adapter is necessary. I believe NAPA and Speedway both sell the adapter.