Building on what crosscut and nkaminar said, the starter is not blowing the fuse because the fuse is not within the starter's circuit. The amps for the starter runs straight from the battery to the post on the starter switch through the starter to ground via the engine block. While the fuse is mounted on the starter and the wire attaches to the post on the starter, the amps the starter draws does not run through that fuse. The fuse is always hot, so if it isn't blowing before you start the car that indicates that there isn't a problem with the fuse holder itself. I suspect that you have a short in your ignition circuit and the fuse actually blows when you switch on the ignition. Places to look: the wiring for the ignition switch may be frayed and shorting against the gas tank, the pigtail connecting the lower plate in the distributor to the points may be frayed and shoring against the distributor.