The stuff I remember old timers using wasn't the powdered cleanser. It was the multi purpose cleaner that is a basic glass type cleaner like Windex, 409, or other ammonia and alcohol based cleaners would do the same thing. You just pour the liquid down the carb while the engine is running at an idle. This washes the oil off the cylinder walls and scuffs them up a bit.
I wouldn't put any dry powder cleanser in there since it could make the rings stick and create a lot of premature wear. When they start to smoke, there is either extreme ring wear or some cylinder scoring going on. Sometimes it indicates a broken ring or the oil control rings are just not doing their job any more. As the rings wear, they lose tension against the cylinder wall. Since the flatheads have 4-ring pistons with two being oil controllers, there is more friction going on there than in a modern engine and those old oil control rings were definitely old school.