Hi Jack D,
FWIW, this is what I think; however, thoughts with no actual experience will always vary considerably.
1. Any air constriction on the carburetor intake that does not allow "enough" air to enter the carburetor, will generate a carburetor mixture with too much fuel and not enough air; hence, the mixture is classified as "rich" in fuel whereby one begins to get excess black soot and carbon build up on plugs and in the interior of the combustion chamber.
2. After time, carbon builds up around valve openings constricts the flow of the fuel/air mixture; hence, engine efficiency is greatly hampered until one scrapes off this carbon build up around valves and cleans plugs so plugs can fire properly.
3. If a typical metal air maze's outer surface intake area is about 10 times larger in square inches than the approximately 4.75 square inches of the open intake of a carburetor, it should allow sufficient air where air starvation will not occur; however, if an air maze gets clogged with dirt, air starvation can occur.
4. Today's finer filter element surfaces must have larger outer surfaces to work properly because air passage through these finer materials is less. (Carburetor balance is a different subject and option.)
5. My Model A in the late 1950's came with a carburetor filter made with a large "rigged" tin can open on both ends filled with a few oil soaked non-ferrous "Brillo Pads". (Also had no engine pans on either side of engine).
6. With only gravel roads in our rural area, I cleaned the makeshift oiled "Brillo Pads" every weekend in a clean coffee can with clear kerosene. My guess is that it filtered about a teaspoon and a half of medium to coarse sand every week.
7. Air mazes are required by Coast Guard regulations on marine engines in case of engine backfire -- air filters on open compartment marine engines operating on water are considered almost useless because of little dust in the air.
This is only what I think. LOL