Looks like it.
They use the same crankshaft dimensions and rods, but the bore is different...
The 292 blocks may(???) have been cast slightly thicker at the cylinder walls to accommodate the larger bore but I don't know. http://ford-y-block.com/dimensions.htm
This is the best route to go for rebuilding a 272 since 292 pistons will be much, much cheaper. Go standard bore for 292 pistons and you are good to go.